Sprinter.h

/*
 
MIT License
 
Copyright (c) 2017 FMI Open Development / Markus Peura, first.last@fmi.fi
 
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
 
*/
/*
Part of Rack development has been done in the BALTRAD projects part-financed
by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund and European
Neighbourhood Partnership Instrument, Baltic Sea Region Programme 2007-2013)
*/
#ifndef DRAIN_SPRINTER
#define DRAIN_SPRINTER
 
#include <string.h> // strlen
#include <iostream>
 
#include <string>
#include <utility> // pair
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <list>
#include <map>
 
#include <drain/UniTuple.h>
 
 
 
namespace drain {
 
 
 
class TypeLayoutBase : public UniTuple<char,3>{
 
public:
 
    typedef char cstr_t;
    cstr_t & prefix;
    cstr_t & separator;
    cstr_t & suffix;
 
    inline
    TypeLayoutBase(): // chars('\0',3), prefix(chars[0]), separator(chars[1]), suffix(chars[2]){
        prefix(this->next()), separator(this->next()), suffix(this->next()){
    }
 
    inline
    bool empty() const {  // conside rename isDefined(), esp. if functions used later ?
        return ((prefix==0) && (separator==0) && (suffix==0));
    }
 
 
};
 
struct TypeLayout : public TypeLayoutBase{
 
 
    TypeLayout(cstr_t separator=','){
        set(0, separator, 0);
    }
 
    /***
     *    Notice that arguments (a,b) invoke set(a,0,b), not set(a,b).
     */
    TypeLayout(cstr_t prefix, cstr_t suffix){
        set(prefix, 0, suffix);
    }
 
    TypeLayout(cstr_t prefix, cstr_t separator, cstr_t suffix){
        set(prefix, separator, suffix);
    }
 
    TypeLayout(const char layout[4]){ //  = "{,}"
        setLayout(layout);
    }
 
    TypeLayout(const TypeLayout & layout){
        this->assignSequence(layout);
        //this->assign(layout); // NOTE: copying element by element, not involving strings possibly containing null char (premature end-or-read).
    }
 
 
    TypeLayout & setLayout(const char *layout);
 
 
 
};
 
 
struct SprinterLayout{
 
    // char itemSeparator = ',';  // consider as equal sign:  KEY:VALUE
    TypeLayout arrayChars   = TypeLayout("[,]");
    TypeLayout mapChars     = TypeLayout("{,}");
    TypeLayout pairChars    = TypeLayout("(,)"); // layout for (key,value), see keyChars
    TypeLayout stringChars  = TypeLayout('"',0,'"'); // TODO: Separate value and sequence layouts?
    TypeLayout keyChars     = TypeLayout(0,0,0); // given a pair = (key,value), defined how the key is .
    TypeLayout mapPairChars = TypeLayout(0,0,0); // When a map {entry, entry,... } is rendered, defines how
 
    // TypeLayout stringChars = TypeLayout("\"\"");
    // std::string boolTrue  = "true";
    // std::string boolFalse = "false";
    // std::string nullValue = "null";
 
    SprinterLayout(const char *arrayChars="[,]", const char *mapChars="{,}", const char *pairChars="(,)",
            const char *stringChars=nullptr, const char *keyChars=nullptr, const char *mapPairChars=nullptr){
        this->arrayChars.setLayout(arrayChars);
        this->mapChars.setLayout(mapChars);
        this->pairChars.setLayout(pairChars);
        if (stringChars)
            this->stringChars.setLayout(stringChars);
        if (keyChars)
            this->keyChars.setLayout(keyChars);
        if (mapPairChars)
            this->mapPairChars.setLayout(mapPairChars);
    }
 
    SprinterLayout(const SprinterLayout &layout):
        arrayChars(layout.arrayChars), mapChars(layout.mapChars), pairChars(layout.pairChars),
        stringChars(layout.stringChars), keyChars(layout.keyChars), mapPairChars(layout.mapPairChars){
    }
 
 
    SprinterLayout(char itemSeparator){ // ','
        arrayChars.separator = itemSeparator;
        mapChars.separator = itemSeparator;
        pairChars.separator = itemSeparator;
        mapPairChars.separator = itemSeparator;
    }
 
 
 
};
 
// Mainly for debugging
inline
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & ostr, const SprinterLayout & layout){
    ostr << "arrayChars:   " << layout.arrayChars << '\n';
    ostr << "mapChars:     " << layout.mapChars << '\n';
    ostr << "pairChars:    " << layout.pairChars << '\n';
    ostr << "stringChars:  " << layout.stringChars << '\n';
    ostr << "keyChars:     " << layout.keyChars << '\n';
    ostr << "mapPairChars: " << layout.mapPairChars << '\n';
    return ostr;
}
 
class Sprinter {
 
public:
 
    static const SprinterLayout UNSET_LAYOUT;
 
    static const SprinterLayout defaultLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout emptyLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout plainLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout lineLayout;
 
 
    static const SprinterLayout jsonLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout jsLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout xmlAttributeLayout;
 
 
    static const SprinterLayout cppLayout;
 
 
    static const SprinterLayout pythonLayout;
 
    static const SprinterLayout cmdLineLayout; // = {":", ",", "=", ""};
 
    // static const SprinterLayout dictLayout; // = {",", "?", "=", ""};
 
    static inline
    void prefixToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const TypeLayout & layout){
        if (layout.prefix)
            ostr << layout.prefix;
    };
 
    static inline
    void separatorToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const TypeLayout & layout){
        if (layout.separator)
            ostr << layout.separator;
    };
 
    static inline
    void suffixToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const TypeLayout & layout){
        if (layout.suffix)
            ostr << layout.suffix;
    };
 
 
    // Complicated, but universal...
    template <class K, class V>
    static
    std::ostream & pairToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::pair<K,V> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout){
 
        prefixToStream(ostr, layout.pairChars);
 
        // EXPERIMENTAL
        prefixToStream(ostr, layout.keyChars);
        //toStream(ostr, x.first, layout);
        ostr << x.first;
        suffixToStream(ostr, layout.keyChars);
 
        separatorToStream(ostr, layout.pairChars);
 
        toStream(ostr, x.second, layout);
 
        suffixToStream(ostr, layout.pairChars);
 
        return ostr;
    }
 
    template <class K, class V>
    static
    std::ostream & mapPairToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::pair<K,V> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout){
 
        prefixToStream(ostr, layout.mapPairChars);
 
        // EXPERIMENTAL
        prefixToStream(ostr, layout.keyChars);
        //toStream(ostr, x.first, layout);
        ostr << x.first;
        suffixToStream(ostr, layout.keyChars);
 
        separatorToStream(ostr, layout.mapPairChars);
 
        toStream(ostr, x.second, layout); // recursion
 
        suffixToStream(ostr, layout.mapPairChars);
 
        return ostr;
    }
 
 
 
    template <class T>
    static
    std::ostream & sequenceToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & x, const SprinterLayout & layout){
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
 
    template <class T>
    static
    std::ostream & sequenceToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & x, const TypeLayout & myChars, const SprinterLayout & layout){
 
        prefixToStream(ostr, myChars);
 
        bool first = true;
        for (const auto & elem: x){
 
            if (first)
                first = false;
            else
                separatorToStream(ostr, myChars);
 
            toStream(ostr, elem, layout);
        }
 
        suffixToStream(ostr, myChars);
 
        return ostr;
 
    }
 
 
    template <class M, class K>
    static
    std::ostream & mapToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const M & m, const SprinterLayout & layout, const K & keys){
 
        prefixToStream(ostr, layout.mapChars); // redesign: layout.startMap(ostr)
        //if (layout.mapChars.prefix)
        //  ostr << layout.mapChars.prefix;
 
        const bool MAP_PAIRS = !layout.mapPairChars.empty();
 
        // char sep = 0; // for (const typename K::value_type & key =
        for (typename K::const_iterator it=keys.begin(); it != keys.end(); ++it){
 
            if (it != keys.begin())
                separatorToStream(ostr, layout.mapChars);
 
            typename M::const_iterator mit = m.find(*it);
            if (mit != m.end()){
                if (MAP_PAIRS){
                    mapPairToStream(ostr, *mit, layout);
                }
                else {
                    toStream(ostr, *mit, layout);
                }
            }
            else {
                std::cerr << __FILE__ << __FUNCTION__ << ':' << "missing key: " << *it << std::endl;
            }
 
        }
 
        suffixToStream(ostr, layout.mapChars); // redesign: layout.endMap(ostr) or layout.mapLayout.putStart(ostr); .putEnd(ostr);
 
        return ostr;
 
    }
 
 
    //template <class T, bool EXCL>
    //static
    //std::ostream & treeToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const Tree<T,EXCL> & tree, const drain::SprinterLayout & layout, short indent){
    template <class T>
    static
    std::ostream & treeToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & tree, const drain::SprinterLayout & layout, short indent=0);
 
 
    template <class T>
    static
    std::ostream & basicToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & x, const TypeLayout & myChars){
        prefixToStream(ostr, myChars);
        ostr << x;
        suffixToStream(ostr, myChars);
        return ostr;
    }
 
    // std::ostream & mapToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & x){
 
    template <class T>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::initializer_list<T> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        //ostr << x.size() << '@';
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
    template <class K, class V>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::pair<K,V> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        return pairToStream(ostr, x, layout);
    }
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::vector<D> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::list<D> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::set<D> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
    template <class K, class V>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::map<K,V> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = UNSET_LAYOUT){
 
        if (&layout == &UNSET_LAYOUT){
            return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, jsonLayout.mapChars, jsonLayout);
        }
        else {
            return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.mapChars, layout);
        }
        //return mapToStream(ostr, x);
    }
 
    template <class D, size_t N>
    static inline
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const drain::UniTuple<D,N> & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout){
        return sequenceToStream(ostr, x, layout.arrayChars, layout);
    }
 
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const std::string & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) {
        return basicToStream(ostr, x, layout.stringChars);
        //return ostr << layout.stringChars.prefix << x << layout.stringChars.suffix;
    }
 
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const char *x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) {
        return basicToStream(ostr, x, layout.stringChars);
        //return ostr << layout.stringChars.prefix << x << layout.stringChars.suffix;
    }
 
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, char c, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) { // short int?
        return basicToStream(ostr, c, layout.stringChars);
    }
 
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, bool b, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) { // short int?
        //return basicToStream(ostr, b?"true":"false", layout.stringChars);
        return ostr << (b ? "true":"false");
    }
 
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, D *x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) {
        if (x == nullptr)
            return ostr << "null";
        else if (x == 0)
            return ostr << "null";
        else
            return ostr << *x;
    }
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const D *x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) {
        return ostr << *x;
    }
 
    template <class D>
    static
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr, const D &x, const SprinterLayout & layout = defaultLayout) {
        // Layout not used
        return ostr << x;
    }
 
 
};
 
 
 
template <class T>
std::ostream & Sprinter::treeToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const T & tree, const drain::SprinterLayout & layout, short indent){
// template <class T, bool EXCL>//
// std::ostream & Sprinter::treeToStream(std::ostream & ostr, const Tree<T,EXCL> & tree, const drain::SprinterLayout & layout, short indent){
 
    const bool DATA     = !tree.data.empty();
    const bool CHILDREN = !tree.empty();
 
    if (! (DATA||CHILDREN)){
        // Also empty element should return something, here {}, but could be "" or null ?
        ostr << layout.mapChars.prefix << layout.mapChars.suffix; // '\n';
        return ostr;
    }
 
    const std::string pad(2*indent, ' ');
 
 
    if (DATA){
        drain::Sprinter::toStream(ostr, tree.data, layout);
        //return ostr;
        /*
        char sep = 0;
        for (const auto & entry: tree.data){
            if (sep){
                ostr << sep;
                ostr << '\n';
            }
            else {
                sep = layout.mapChars.separator;
            }
            ostr << pad << "  " << '"' << entry.first << '"' << layout.pairChars.separator << ' ';
            drain::Sprinter::toStream(ostr, entry.second, layout);
        }
        */
        if (CHILDREN)
            ostr << layout.mapChars.separator;
        ostr << '\n';
    }
 
    ostr << layout.mapChars.prefix << '\n';
 
    if (CHILDREN){
        char sep = 0;
        for (const auto & entry: tree){
            if (sep){
                ostr << sep;
                ostr << '\n';
            }
            else {
                sep = layout.mapChars.separator;
            }
            ostr << pad << "  " << '"' << entry.first << '"' <<  layout.pairChars.separator << ' ';  // if empty?
            treeToStream(ostr, entry.second, layout, indent+1); // recursion
        }
        ostr << '\n';
    }
 
    ostr << pad << layout.mapChars.suffix; //  << '\n';
 
    return ostr;
}
 
 
// MOVE to json files const SprinterLayout Sprinter::layoutJSON;
 
 
template <class T, class L=SprinterLayout>
class Sprintlet : public Sprinter {
 
public:
 
    const T & src;
    SprinterLayout layout;
 
    Sprintlet(const T & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = L()) : src(x), layout(layout) {
    }
    // Dangerous? Sprinter(const Sprinter<T> & x) : src(x.src){}
 
    std::ostream & toStream(std::ostream & ostr) const {
        return Sprinter::toStream(ostr, src, layout);
    }
 
    std::string str() const {
        std::stringstream sstr;
        Sprinter::toStream(sstr, src, layout);
        return sstr.str();
    }
 
};
 
 
template <class T, class L>
inline
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & ostr, const Sprintlet<T,L> & sp){
    return sp.toStream(ostr);
}
 
 
// Short cut (constructor wrappers)
 
template <class T>
inline
Sprintlet<T> sprinter(const T & x, const char *arrayCaps, const char *mapCaps="{,}", const char *pairCaps="(:)", const char *stringCaps="\""){
    return Sprintlet<T>(x, SprinterLayout(arrayCaps,mapCaps,pairCaps,stringCaps)); // copy const
}
 
// SprinterLayout
template <class T>
inline
Sprintlet<T> sprinter(const T & x, const SprinterLayout & layout = Sprinter::jsonLayout){
    return Sprintlet<T>(x, layout); // copy const
}
 
 
} // drain
 
 
#endif